Means for modifying high-potential electric currents for low-potential use.



No. 745,715. PATENTED DECA 1, 1903. H. L. CARPENTER.

MEANS FOR MODIFYING HIGH POTENTIAL ELECTRIC OURRENTS FOR LOW POTENTIALUSE.

' Y APPLIOATION FILED MAY 15 1903. N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

\NH'NESSES INVENTOR W HE/iBfRT LCARPE/yTE/z My W ATTORNEYS THE NORRISPETERS c'o, PHO'IQ-LITHQ, msmwnm. is c No. 745,715. PATENTED DEC. 1',1903. H. L. CARPENTER.

MEANS FOR MODIFYING HIGH POTENTIAL ELECTRIC OURRENTS I'OR LOW POTENTIALUSE.

, APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1903. NO MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES. /NVEN7'OF\.

M HERBERT" 1.. CA RFENTLR 7 I I I OW M H/s ATTORNEYS.

THE NORRIs PETERS c0. PuuYQ-UTH-.. WASHINGTdN u. c.

UNITED STATES Patented December 1, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

MEANS FOR MODIFYING HIGH-POTENTIAL ELECTRIC CURRENTS FOR LOW-POTENTIALUSE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,715, dated December1, 1903.

Application filed May 15, 1903. Serial No. 157,312. (No model) To aZZwhom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, HERBERT L. CARPEN- TER, a citizen of the UnitedStates of America, residing in the city of Brooklyn, county of Kings,State of New York, have invented certain Improved Means for ModifyingHigh- Potential Electric Currents for Low-Potential Use, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention has for its main object to directly adapt and modify acomparatively high-potential currentsuch, for instance, as is normallyused in electric lighting systems for use in circuits which requirecomparatively low potential-as, for example, telephonic, telegraphic, orlike circuits.

A further feature is the preventing of the existence of destructivehigh-potential currents in the modified circuit.

In the drawings anddescription 1 have illustrated and described anautomatically-protected system for modifying a comparativelyhighepotential current to comply with the eX- acting requirements of atelephonic system, a system that must be not only of a lowerelectromotive force, but must also be practically free from inductivevariations existing in the main circuit. It will be understood, however,that where the use to which the modified current is to be put has notthe ex acting requirements of a telephonic system no great care need beexpended in modifying the inductive variations. The conductors of suchmodified circuit are in electrical and physical contact with theconductors of the high-potential circuit.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram showing thearrangements of circuits and protective devices, and Fig. 2 is amodified form of working resistance to take the place of the deadresistance of the lamps of Fig. 1.

X Y are the leads of a source of comparatively high electromotive force.

A B are the leads to the devices to be operated by the modified current,and in this instance they correspond to the battery leads for telephonicuse.

I 1* are impedances designed to choke the inductive variations of themain supply-current. They have a second function, however,

as protective relays, to aid in protecting the modified circuit upontrouble arising, as will be described hereinafter.

The modified current and current for operating the automatic switch aretaken from non-inductive resistances M M, &c., in circuit withimpedances I 1*.

The high-potential mains X Yare protected by a switch S and i'uses F F.A conductor 10 leads from the switch to the impedance and protectiverelay I by conductor 11 to terminalE of non-inductive resistance 3 toterminal A of non-inductive resistance M, to variable contact-points 1,2, 3, 4, and 5, connected to said resistance M, to terminal B of noninductive resistance M to terminalO of nonindnctive resistance M toterminal D, to conductor 12, to impedance and protective relay 1*, andto conductor 13 back to switch S Each impedance-relay is provided with acircuit-breaking armature 1' 2' adapted to break a safety-circuit at 101or 102, as the case may be.

The modified current is taken from the terminal A of the non-inductiveresistance M, led through one coil 0 of a differential relay D to acontact-point 16 of a switch S through a blade bot said switch tocontact 17, to modified current-conductor A used in the modifiedcircuit, returned by conductor B to contact 18, blade Z), contact 15, tocoil 0, balancing the magnetic effect of coil 0 in the relay D, andpassing to the movable contact-arm A to one of the contacts 1 to 5adjacent to the resistance M.

Resistances R R in the form of lamps are inserted between the contacts17 and 18 and their contacting blades 25 and 26. The switch S isfashioned of two parallel spring-blades b b,secured together at bothends by insulating-blocks b If, connected by connectingrods 7' 9*,attached to armatures bib of the electromagnetic safety devices S S,each being in a separate safety-circuit. The relay D controls anarmature a, contacting with a contact Z). One safety-circuit takescurrent by the common conductor 33, bridged from the terminal 0 of theresistance M through the electromagnetic device S, by conductor 35 tothe contact 1), armature a, and conductor Set to the terminal D of theresistance M The second safety-circuit takes current by the same commonconductor 33, electromagnetic device S, conductor 32, contact 101, andarmature of the impedance-relay I, conductor 31, to armature and contact102, to conductor 30, to terminal D of the resistance M.

Contacts 0 0 adjacent to the switch-armatures b b connect with a signalS shown operated by current from a battery 0*.

In normal operation the electromagnetic devices S S are closed, closingthe modified circuit at switch-contacts 15, 16,17, and 18, and they areheld closed by current flowing through the safety devices S i" andsafetycircuits bridged across the resistance M If trouble creeps intothe main conductors X Y-such, for instance, as a break at one fuse Fthcfunction of the bridge M will immediately be done away with and theentire potential thrown into both sides of the modified circuit; butupon a break in the main circuit one or two of the im1: edance-relays II* will release the armature t or 1', breaking the safety-circuit andreleasing the armature of the safety device S to entirely out out themodified circuit from all electrical connection with the high-potentialcircuit and operate the signal S If trouble takes place on the modifiedcircuit, it will immediately overbalance one coil of the differentialrelay D by causing excess of flow in one of the coils c c, attract thearmature a, break the safety-circuit connected therewith, release thearmature of the safety device S, and break the contact-s 17 1S,inserting the resistances R R, and thus preventing any excessive ordestructive cur rent from existing on the modified circuit, maintaining,however, sufficient flow of overbalancing current through one coil ofthe differential relay D to keep the armature a. attracted and thesafety-circuit open until such time as the trouble is removed from themodified circuit, when the fiow through the two coils c 0 will beequalized,thereby neutralizing the relay and releasing the armature a toreestablish the safety-circuit, close the safety device S, and reconnectthe modified circuit through contacts 17 and 18. In like automaticmanner upon a trouble in the main circuit the modified circuit will becut off; but upon the removal of trouble the protective relays I I willclose the safety-circuit and operate the switch-magnet S to againconnect the modified circuit across its bridge and to automaticallyrestore normal conditions.

As shown in Fig. 2, in place of the lamp resistances It R, I may wind atsecond set of high-resistance differential coils R It on the relay I),so that upon the opening of the switch at contacts 17 18 all currentpassing over the interposed resistance to unbalance the relay may bemore effectually utilized to magnetically hold attracted the armature a.

In the drawings I have shown but one modified circuit bridged across theterminals A and A of the resistance M. It will be obvious,

however, that two or more independent modified circuits may be takenfrom one main circuit, in which case the additional circuits willpreferably be bridged across the resistances M or M each modifiedcircuit being a duplicate of the modified circuit and its safetydevices, as shown in the drawings.

I claim as my invention 1. A high-potential supply-circuit and amodified circuit of less potential in physical and electrical connectiontherewith, and automatic means for preventing abnormally high potentialfrom first said circuit from existing on the modified circuit.

2. A high-potential supply-circuit and a modified circuit of lesspotential. in physical and electrical connection therewith, andautomatic means for preventing destructive highpotential current fromfirst said circuit from existing on the modified circuit.

A high-potential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modified circuitbridged across said resistance and automatic means for preventingabnormally high potential from first said circuit from existing in themodified circuit.

4:. A higlrpotential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance and automatic means forpreventing destructive high-potential from first said circuit fromexisting in the modified circuit.

5. A liiglrpotential supply-circuit, resistance therein, amodifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance, a differential relay and meansoperated thereby to prevent high potential from existing in the modifiedcircuit.

(5. A high-potential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modi fied'circuit bridged across said resistance, a differential relay and meansoperated thereby to prevent destructive hi ghpotential current fromexisting in the modified circuit.

7. A high-potential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance, a differential relay in themodified circuit, and means operated thereby to prevent high potentialfrom existing in the modified circuit.

8. A high-potential supply-circuit,resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance, a differential relay in themodified circuit, and means operated thereby to prevent destructivehigh-potential current from existing in the modified circuit.

9. A high-potential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance, a differential relay and aswitch operatively controlled thereby adapted to prevent the existenceof high potential in the modified circuit.

10. A high-potential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit ln'idged across said resistance, a differential relay and aswitch operatively controlled thereby adapted to prevent the existenceof destructive highpotential current in the modified circuit.

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11. A high-potential supply-circuit, resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance and means for automaticallycutting off the modified circuit to prevent the existence of highpotential from first said circuit in the modified circuit.

12. A high potential supply-circuit, a noninductive resistance, amodified circuit bridged across the non-inductive resistance andautomatic means for preventing the existence of high potential from thefirst said circuit in said modified circuit.

13. A high-potential supply-circuit, an impedance and a non inductiveresistance therein, a modified circuit bridged across said non-inductiveresistance, a relay, and means controlled by the relay for preventingthe existence of high potential in the modified circuit.

14. Ahigh-potential supply-circuit, an impedance and a non-inductiveresistance therein, a modified circuit bridged across said non-inductiveresistance, a relay, and means controlled by the relay for preventingthe existence of destructive high-potential currents in the modifiedcircuit.

15. A high-potential supply-circuit, an impedance and a non inductiveresistance therein, a modified circuit bridged across the resistance, arelay, and a switch operated thereby adapted to prevent the existence ofhigh potential in the modified circuit.

16. A high-potential supply-circuit, an impedance and a non inductiveresistance therein, a modified circuit bridged across the resistance, arelay, and a switch operated thereby adapted to prevent the existence ofdestructive high-potential current in the modified circuit.

17. A high-potential supply-circuit, an impedance and resistance incircuit therewith, a modified circuit bridged across a part of saidresistance and an electromagnetic safety device bridged across a part ofsaid resistance, an armature to the impedance adapted to break thecircuit to the safety device, to opcrate said safety device upon theexistence of trouble in the high-potential circuit.

18. A high-potential sup 'ily-circuit and resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across a part of said resistance and an electromagneticsafety device bridged across a part of said resistance, a differentialrelay adapted to operate said safety device.

19. A high-potential supply-circuit and resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across a part of said resistance, a switch in themodified circuit adapted to cut off the modified circuit, a relay, anelectromagnetic safety device adapted to be operated by current from abridge from a part of said resistance and controlled by said relay;

20. A high-potential supply-circuit, impedance and resistance therein, amodified circuit bridged across a part of such resistance,a differentialrelay,and electromagnetic switch means, said means adapted to becontrolled by the magnetic action of the impedance and by theunbalancing of the relay.

21. A high-potential supply-circuit, a protective relay and resistancetherein, a modified circuit bridged to a part of said resistance, and adifferential relay, in combination with safetycircuits and safetydevices therein, armatures and contacts therefor in the safety-circuitsand controlled by said protective relay and differential relay.

A high-potential supply-circuit having resistance therein, a modifiedcircuit bridged across said resistance, a differential relay withlow-resistance windings and high-resistance windings, a switch in themodified circuit adapted to insert the higlrresistancc windings intosaid modified circuit.

23. A high-potential supply-circuit, a protective relay and resistancein the circuit, a modified circuit bridged across a part of saidresistance, a safety device and switch to prevent the existence ofdestructive high potential in the modified circuit and controlled bysaid protective relay.

24 A high-potential supply-circuit, a protective relay and resistancetherein, a modified circuit bridged to a part of said resistance, adifferential relay in said modified circuit, a switch therein havingsets of contacts, electromagnetic devices to control independently thesets of contacts, a safety-circuit, an armature therein controlled bythe protective relay to cut out the modified circuit at oneswitch-contact set, a second safety-cirwith,in combinationwith automaticmeans for

